How do transplantations work?

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A transplantation is a surgical procedure where organ/s, tissue or group of cells are removed from a person (the donor) and transplanted to another person (the recipient). Also, there's the posibility of moving an organ from one place to another in the same person.

Types of transplants:

    -Transplants of tissues in the same person. It's a transplant from one part of the person's body to another part -it's called autotransplantation. Some examples are: skin graft, blood vessel graft, bone graft, bone marrow graft...

    -Transplants from other people. A transplantation between two people who are not genetically identical -it's called allotransplantation. For some transplants (especially bone marrow), there is also the possibility that immune cells in the donated bone marrow will recognise the host’s body as foreign and attack the cells of the host.

Rejection: when a person is transplanted from one person to another, the recipient's inmune system usually rejects the new organ or tissue. So it exists a medication to suppress the inmune response. The treatments for suppress it can change depending of some factors: the organ/tissue transplanted, the level of compatibility between the donor and the recipient...

    -Transplants from other people who are genetically identical. A transplant from identical twins -it's called isograft. It will never be rejection, so immunosuppressants are not necessary.

    -Transplants from other species. Heart valves from cows and pigs have been used for many years to replace faulty heart valves in people. The animal valves are treated before use to reduce the risk of the immune system rejecting the valve. It's called xenotransplantation.

Based on this.

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